Turn milling machine



16 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed 001;. 21, 1946 n An km /W mfl wb mmva u V0 m \Q U U E B U 0 L M -L 5 -r l o. wmfw lk f wn m WWWU H g 0 I n n \Q h 3 mt 3 N 9 M Q w m w w ATTORNEY Sept. 1, 1953 E. GODFR'IAUX 2,650,522'

TURN MILLING MACHINE AT TORNEY.

Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE 16 Sheets-Sheet Z5 Filed Oct. 21, 1946 ATTORNEY:

INVEN TOR. LouisEfiocjfrz'auac W: 4

hm hm Q m m Sept. 1, 1953 Filed Oct. 21, 1946 L. E. GODFRIAUX 2, 0,5

TURN MILLING MACHINE l6 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. 6.

1 ATTORNEY.

Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE l6 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Oct. 21, 1946 Ivy 7 m m 2 u Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX 2,550,522

TURN MILLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 21, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 8 A ZIIII IN VEN TOR.

L0 is .Efioqfriazzx ffwu AT TORNEY.

Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE l6 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Oct. 21, 1946 m m My fl M Nd mwfw W. T E A .5

Sept. 1, 1953 E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE 16 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Oct. '21, 1946 P 1953 L. E. GODFRI'AUX 2,650,522

TURN MILLING MACHINE Filed 001;. 21, 1946 I I 16 Sheets-Sheet 11 IOT ' F1017. d @wms AT TORNE Y.

16 Sheets-Sheet 12 llsil'ullm In T "EIUIIE E- I WI I I @l TI I L. E. GODFRiAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE L I II LouisflGoaifz'iaux ATTORNEY:

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Sept. 1, 1953 Filed Oct'. 21, 1946 Sept. 1, 1953 Filed Oct. 21 1946 vii/A1 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE 16 Sheets-Sheet 13 ATTORNEY.

Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE l6 Sheets-Sheet 14 Filed Oct. 21, 1946 mmvroq. Louzs E. Godfrzazzx m Arromwsx 5 n8 5 RS mm E Sept. 1, 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX TURN MILLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 21, 1946 l6 Sheets-Sheet 15 Q3 mt N s mm E 2 mmvrogz. Louzs E. Goqfrzaux AT TORNEYI p 1953 L. E. GODFRIAUX 2,650,522

TURN MILLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 21, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 7 i 2 f v 1 20 1 20 1 2 1 Louis E. Goqfriaux ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 1, 1953 TURN MILLING MACHINE Louis E. Godfriaux, Madison, Wis., assignor to Gisholt Machine Company, Madison, Wis., a

corporation of Wisconsin Application October 21, 1946, Serial No. 704,629

29 Claims.

This invention relates to a turn milling machine which has been constructed for the accurate machining of crankshafts and the like wherein the crank pins are eccentric to the axis of the shaft.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a machine capable of milling the eccentric crank pin While rotating the shaft on its axis.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine that will mill the cheeks and the crank pins in a single operation.

Another object is to provide for the turning of a workpiece in a milling machine simultaneous- 1y with the advance and retraction of the milling cutter according to a given pattern to provide a predetermined shape for the workpiece.

Another object is to provide a machine for milling crankshafts and the like and which will mill more than one crank pin at a time.

Another object is to provide an automatic machine for milling crankshafts and the like.

Another object is to provide for the accurate chucking of a crankshaft at both ends in a machine for milling the crank pins thereof.

Another object is to provide a simple and accurate feed for the milling cutters.

Another object is to provide a machine of the type referred to with a wide range of adjustment to enable the machining of crankshafts of various sizes in a single machine.

Another object is to provide a machine in which the rotary milling cutter is made to follow the orbit of an eccentrically rotating workpiece, such as the crank pin of a crankshaft.

Another object is to provide a more accurate mounting and support for the milling cutter.

Another object is to prevent chatter of the gib plate and provide a locked hold-down therefor during operation of the milling cutter.

Another object is to provide a machine in which both the headstock spindle and the tailstock spindle are driven to provide for greater rigidity without distortion of the crankshaft during milling.

An embodiment of the invention consisting of a machine adapted to mill a four throw crankshaft for a two cycle engine is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a top plan view of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine with parts broken away and sectioned;

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the machine;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine taken along the axis of the headstock spi l Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine taken axially of the tailstock spindle;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine taken on line 6--6 of Fig. 1 through the axis of one of the milling cutters;

Fig. '7 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 1 showing the drive for one of the milling cutters;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine taken across the pattern control for the cutters showing the same at the position of outermost movement in milling the crank pins;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged front elevation of the headstock spindle chuck;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged transverse section of the chuck taken on line Ill-l0 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged transverse detail sectional view showing the clamping of the tailstock;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail section showing the worm gear drive for the spline shaft spindle drive;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail view showing the center support for the crankshafts when the cutters are in retracted position;

Fig. 14 is a similar view showing the center support in clamping position during operation of the cutters;

Fig. 15 is an enlarged detail vertical longitudinal section taken through the center of the base of one of the cutter slides and showing the drive therefor;

Fig. 16 is a transverse section taken on line l6-l6 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a detail section showing the construction of dumping valve usable with certain types of operation;

Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail plan view showing the cutters in retracted position with a crankshaft chucked and in position for milling;

Fig. 19 is a similar view showing the cutters in operation as they mill the cheeks and approach the crank pins;

Fig. 20 is a similar view showing the cutters upon completion of the milling of the crank pins;

Fig. 21 is an enlarged detail view of the controls, partially schematic, showing the controls just prior to chucking of a workpiece;

Fig. 22 is a similar detail view taken after chucking and prior to starting the cutters;

Fig. 23 is a similar detail view taken during milling of the cheeks and prior to milling of the pins; and

Fig. 24 is a wiring diagram for the automatic control of the machine.

The machine comprises a bed I on which is supported a headstock 2, a longitudinally movable tailstock 3 aligned with the headstock, and a pair of opposed rotary milling cutter heads l and 5 mounted on corresponding slides B and T on opposite sides of the headstock.

The bed i is of T shape with the headstock 12 mounted centrally on the upper cross member, the tailstock 3 mounted on the lower stem, and the slides 5 and I mounted on the upper side branches of the T.

The headstock 2 comprises a housing containing the spindle 8 for driving one end of acrankshaft 9 or other workpiece.

The spindle 8 is mounted for rotation in suit able roller bearings It, and has a chuck ii at its forward end for receiving and gripping the end of crankshaft 9.

The chuck l I comprises a sleeve having forward end slit longitudinally to provide a number of jaws [2 with an outer conical surface it] bearing against a complementary inner conical surface of an adjustable split ring collet closer mernber It so that longitudinal movement of the sleeve rearwardly in spindle s compels the jaws to contract inwardly upon the shaft 9. Forward movement of the sleeve permits the jaws to pand outwardly under the resilience of the metal, and to release the shaft 9.

The rear end of the chuck sleeve is c lindrical and fits in spindle 8 to positively center the chuck at all times.

Movement of the sleeve of chuck i i is effected. by a drawbar l5 extending rearwardly axially of spindle 8 and which is in turn moved axially by a set of pivotal radially disposed levers it cperated by a piston i'i engaging a pair of diametri cally opposed projections IS on a ring member i9 which in turn presses against the outer ends of the levers it in the cylindrical housing 22 The ring member i9 is of maximum outside diameter to fit the inside wall of the housing 2.? near the levers i6 andis of progressively less iameter towards its outer end to keep uncovered a port 2! leading to a passage 22 in the end plate 23 for ho sing 25.

A non-rotating header 24 is secured axially in the end plate 23 and is held by an upstanding post 25 from base i. The header 2 has a pair of longitudinal passages 25 and H therein for supplying pressure fluid to the cylinder 2%.

Passage 26, extends to the inner end of header 24 and supplies pressure fluid to the outer end of cylinder 2% between piston ll and end plate 23 to effect chucking of a workpiece.

Passage 2'. extends to the center of header 2s where it connects with a circumferential grco 28 connecting with passage 22 to drain fluid fro the inner side of piston ll.

Reversal of the functions of passages 2% ans 2! by valve means effects release of the chuck H. Conduits 2t and 3% connect the corresponding passages 28 and 21 to a suitable valve con-- trol to be described hereinafter.

The spindle 8 is provided with a disc bra e 35 disposed between housing 29 and a fixed casing 32 on the headstock housing. Alternate discs, starting with the innermost disc are keyed to the casing 32 and. thereby prevented from rotation, while the intermediate discs and outermost disc are keyed to cylinder housing 29 to rotate therewith.

The brake 3i provides a constant drag for spindle 8 determined by the springs 33 which are, disposed in corresponding circiunferentially spaced longitudinal bores 3c in housing 25, with 4 their inner ends engaging the outermost disc of the brake to bias the latter inwardly and with their outer ends engaged by the corresponding adjusting screws 35 threaded into the bores 34.

Cap screws 35, also threaded into the bores 34, serve to secure end plate 23 to cylinder housing 28.

The spindle 8 is driven by a ring gear 3! keyed thereto centrally thereof and driven through intermediate gear 38 from the drive gear 39 on spline shaft 40.

The spindle 8 also has keyed thereto, on opposite sides of ring gear 31, a pair of master cams which are used to control the movement of the corresponding cutters 4 and 5 in following the orbits of the corresponding crank pins, in the manner described hereinafter.

The tailstock 3 comprises a housing containing a tailstock spindle 43 for driving the outer end of the crankshaft 8. The housing of tailstock 3 is mounted on a gib plate 44 adapted to slide longitudinally of the spindle on the way 45.

The construction of spindle 43 is the same as that of spindle 2. A chuck 46 at the rear end of the spindle is operated by a drawbar 41 and levers :28 in a housing 49 at the front end of the spindle. Fluid pressure is admitted to housing 49 to operate the chuck ME, by means of conduits 59 and 5|, respectively, corresponding to conduits 2S and 3B for chuck ll.

A brake 52 provides a constant drag on pindle 43 and is constructed the same as brake 31.

The spindle 43 is driven by a ring gear 53 keyed thereto in the tailstock housing and which is driven by intermediate gear 5d from the drive gear 55 on spline shaft 49.

The spline shaft 49 is journaled at its rear end in the rear end of headstock housing 2 and at its forward end it is coupled to a short shaft journaled in a gear reducing housing 56. The shaft has spline grooves 51 longitudinally thereof in the region of the tailstock housing 3, and drive gear has inward projections 55 fitting in the spline grooves 5! and adapted to drive the gear splined on shaft ll The gear reducer housing 58 is mounted on a bracket 59 on the front end of base i. A drive motor Gil is secured to the base i below bracket 39 and is connected by a belt 31 to drive a worm gear 62 in housing 53. The worm gear 52 in the reducer housing meshes with a drive gear 83 on a shaft in the reducer coupled to the forward end of shaft 46 to drive the lat er at a reduced speed.

The shaft 40 driven by motor 60 drives both the headstock spindle B and the tailstcck spindle G3 at the same predetermined speed. 7

The splines of shaft 40 are relieved of pressure from the worm gear 62 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 64 disposed at the end of the shaft of gear 62, and having a diaphragm piston engaging the end thrust bearing for the shaft to provide a slight limited longitudinal movement in the worm when the rotational cycle has ended, and thereby facilitate retraction of the tailstock.

The sliding of the tailstock 3 longitudinally on way 45 is effected by means of a hydraulic cylinder 65 in the tailstock housing, disposed parallel to the spindle, beneath the same, and having a double acting piston 66 therein secured by rod 57 extending outwardly of the end of the cylinder to a bracket 68 on the base I.

A fluid passage 69 extends through rod 61 to the rear side of piston 66 to supply fluid pressure to the rear end of cylinder 85 and effect rearward movement or advance of tailstock 3 toward headstock 2.

A fluid passage I extends through rod 61 to the forward side of piston 86 to supply fluid pressure to the forward end of cylinder 65 and effeet forward movement or retraction of tailstock 3.

An adjustable stop H is threaded into a sleeve in headstock housing 2 in alignment with the rear end of cylinder 85 to be engaged thereby and limit the rearward movement of the tailstock by fluid pressure in cylinder 65.

The stailstock 3 is clamped in position during operation of the milling cutters. For this purpose the housing for the tailstock has tapered gibs 12 on each side extending longitudinally in complementary corresponding tapered ways 13 in the base I.

The lower side of each gib I2 is preferably horizontal while the upper side of each gib I2 is inclined.

The inclined wall of the way I3 on one side is comprised. of a movable block 14 disposed in a recess in the base I.

A toggle arm I is disposed in an opening 18 in base I and has its outer end pivoted on a fixed pin 11 in a cap I8 secured over the opening I6.

The inner end of toggle arm has a roller I9 bearing against block 14.

The inner end of toggle arm I5 is supported on a plunger 80 operable in a vertical hydraulic cylinder 9%, and is pressed downwardly by the vertically movable plunger 82.

A fluid passage and conduit 83 supplies fluid pressure to the bottom end of cylinder BI to raise plunger 99 and the toggle arm 15 for pushing block 14 inwardly and thereby clamping the tailstock in place.

When the fluid pressure in cylinder 8| is released a spring 84 biases plunger 82 downwardly to release toggle arm I5 of pressure. A cap 85 is secured over the top of plunger 82 and serves as a stop for the upward movement of the plunger. The coil spring 84 is disposed in a vertical bore in plunger 82 and is pressed downwardly therein by cap 85.

The rotary milling cutter head 4 and its slide 9 are similar in construction to the milling cutter head 5 and its slide 1, and the description of the former will serve generally for describing both.

The rotary milling cutter head 8 may comprise :any suitable number of discs 86, each having a plurality of cutting blades mounted in recesses in its perimeter. The cutter head 4 shown has two discs 86, corresponding to the two crank pins to be milled by head 4, the discs being spaced apart by a spacer ring 81 to register properly with the crank pins.

The two discs 88 with the spacer ring 81 therebetween are clamped as a unit upon hub 88, with the inner disc 86 bearing against a flange .89 on the hub, and with a flanged sleeve 90 supporting the outer disc 88 and bolted to the hub. The sleeve 99 is keyed to the outer end of hub 88, and the assembled unit of discs 86 and ring 81 is keyed to the hub 88 and the sleeve 90.

The hub 88 is bolted to the end of a cutter spindle 9| which is mounted in husky end roller bearings 92 in a spindle housing 93 on the slide 6. The forward bearing 92 is large and is disposed within the hub 81 so that there is substantially no overhang of the cutters tending to result in "inaccuracies in cutting.

The rear end of spindle 9I has a'gear 94 keyed thereto within a gear housing 95, and a flywheel 96 outside the housing and which rotates with the cutter head to provide for smooth operation of the cutters. I

The gear 94 is driven by a worm gear 91 on a horizontal transverse shaft 98 mounted in housing above the spindle.

Shaft 98 is driven by suitable gears from drive shaft 99 disposed above the same in housing 95. The drive shaft 99 is driven from motor I00 by means of the belts IOI.

The spindle housing 93, gear housing 95 and motor I60 are mounted on the slide Ii to move horizontally toward and away from the headstock 2.

The slide 6 is supported by gib plates I02 on a slide base I03 on top of bed I. Adjustable tapered gibs I04 between plates I02 and overhanging parts of the way I03 provide hold-down means for the slide 6.

The gib and slide surfaces are oiled by means of a large longitudinal tubular passage I05 extending centrally longitudinally of slide 6 from the outer end and which is partially filled with oil at all times. A wick I06 lies in the passage I05 and extends out through transverse passages I07 disposed across the slide at about one quarter of its length from each end, and thence to vertical passages I08 which feed oil directly to the two side gibs I02. Grooves I09 feed the oil between the gib surfaces I02 and I04 and from thence the oil drops through passages III) in gibs I02 to the lower slide surfaces of the latter on slide way I03.

The slide base I03 contains a powder cylinder I I I for moving slide 6 in and out, the piston I I2 in the cylinder being attached to the rear end of the slide 6 by a bracket H3 and piston rod II I. Supply of pressure fluid to the opposite ends of cylinder III determines the movement of the slide 6.

The crank shaft 9 being a four throw shaft with a central'bearing pin in alignment with the ends of the shaft, it is desirable to support the shaft at the center against the cutting and turning forces applied. This is accomplished by a support operated from the movement of slides 6 and I.

For this purpose a pair of laterally spaced pivot shafts H5 extend across a depression H6 in the upper face of the bed I between the headstock 2 and tailstock 3.

Each shaft I I5 is rotatable in its end bearings and has clamped thereto a bell crank lever I H.

The short vertical arm of lever III carries shoe. us adapted to bear against the center of shaft 9 on one side of the latter. There being a similar lever and shoe for each shaft H5, the shoes I iii are adapted to cooperate in supporting the center bearing pin of shaft 9 against distortion of the shaft during milling.

The long lateral arm of each lever IE1 is provided at its outer end with a supporting roller H9 which rides on a cam block I29 bolted to the front side of the corresponding slides 6 and l.

The cam block I28 has two horizontal cam surfaces I2I and I22 joined by an inclined cam surface I23. When the slides 6 and 'I are in outward retracted position the rollers I I9 rest on the lower cam surfaces I2I thereby supporting the bell crank levers I I! in their down position wherein the shoes II8 are separated and the shaft 9 is free from the center bearing support.

- When slides 6 and! move inwardly to start milling operations "the rollers [I3 ride up 'inclined cam surfaces I23 to the upper cam surface I22 where the levers II'I are. disposed to effect support of the center bearing pin of shaft 9 by the shoes H8.

The levers III may be clamped upon pivot shafts H5 in any position to meet the requirements of the center pin of crankshaft 9, and where no center pin is present in the shaft, the levers III may be removed entirely.

The slides 6 and I are adapted to move the milling cutter heads 4 and 5 in and out in a pre determined manner to enable the cutters to fol low the orbit of the eccentric crank pins on shaft 9 as the latter is rotated by spindles. 8 and 43.

For this purpose the movement of the corre sponding slide is in conformance to a master cam I24 on spindle 8 patterned to correspond with the orbit movement required. There are two cams 24 on spindle 8, one for controlling each of the slides 6 and I.

A roller cam follower I25 bears against each cam I24 in the horizontal plane of the axis of spindle 3, and is rotatably mounted in a horizontally movable frame in the headstock housing.

he earn follower I25 and frame I23 for cutter head 4 are disposed facing the inner end of slide e, and the cam follower I25 and frame I26 for cutter head 5 are disposedfacing the inner end of slide I.

Each of the slides 6- and I has an adjustable stop button I21, disposed on the advance side of the housing 93 for'the cutter spindle, and which is adapted to engage the corresponding cam follower frame I26 when the slide carrying the button reaches the position where the cutter has substantially completed milling of the cheeks of workpiece 9 and starts to mill the eccentric pins on the workpiece.

The stop button I21 has an inclined rearend pressing against a complementarily inclined block I28 in a vertical boss-like housing" on housing 93'.

The block I28 is biased upwardly to fixed adjusted position against a threaded screw I29by a spring I30 supported in the lower end of the housing by a plug I3I. The threaded screw I-2l has a graduated dial I32 at its upper end for facilitating adjustment of the position of screw I29 and correspondingly of stop button Iii.

The machine is adapted to traverse the cutter heads 6 and 1 toward the work 9 from the. position illustrated in Fig. 18 until they start to mill the crank. Thereupon when the crank, is initially positioned, the cutter heads 6 and I are moved at a feed rate for milling the checks which is dctermined by the practical capacity of the milling cutters for the rotational cutter speed selected and the size of the crankshaft cheeks tobe milled.

When the milling cutters reach the crank pins as shown in Fig. 19, and slides 6 and 7' abut their stops I2'I on the corresponding frames I23 controlled by the position of cams I24, the spindles S and 43 start to rotate, thereby rotating crankshaft 9 and cams I24 in unison.

For one-half of this revoluion, which may be the first half as illustrated, the cams I24 push the corresponding slides 6 and I outwardly thereby effecting a retraction of the cutter heads 4 and 5 corresponding to the horizontal linear movement of the working contact of the respective cutters normal to the corresponding crank pins. During this outward movement of slides 6 and I the fluid pressure in the. outer end of cylin- 8 der II I" is relieved by a pressure regulating valve to be described later.

For the other half of the revolution of crankshaft 9, which may be the last, half as illustrated, the cams I24 control the forward feeding movement of slides 6 and 'I under the influence of fluid pressure in the outer ends of cylinders III.

Where the crank is initially indexed in the chucks with the crank pins positioned. opposite to that illustrated, the cutters 4 and 5 approach the crank pins first, and milling of the check is accomplished during turning of the crankshaft 9 and simultaneously with milling of the pins.

The crank pins are fully milled during one revolution of the crankshaft 9 and the cutters are thenretracted fully from the workpiece.

' The crankshaft 3 should be positioned and indexed. in the spindles 8 and 43 with the axis of each eccentric pin of the shaft disposed in the corresponding axial plane of the shaft containing the center line for the corresponding cam I24.

For this purpose the spindles 8 and 43 are. each provided with a spindle cross member I33 which has a circular central body with a bore through which the shaft 3- extends into the chuck, and four radiating arms therefrom in the form of a cross and which are bolted to the end of the corresponding spindle.

The collet closure I4 is formed in two semicircular halves: set into-a recess in the end of the spindle and around the conical end of the jaws I2, and is held in place by the cross member I33. The two halves of collet closure [4 float relative to each other and are biased apart and into engagement with the spindle by means of a coil spring I34 disposed in recesses in the opposed faces. thereof near the circumference on one side of the parting line. An adjustable stop I35 separates the faces of the two halves of the closure M on the sideopposite the spring I34.

A driver plate I36 formed in two halves corresponding with the halves of closure member I4, and slotted centrally to receive corresponding arms of the spindle cross I33, is bolted to the corresponding closure halves I4 over the front of member I33. The two halves of driver plate I36 are spaced apart sufficient to receive the corresponding intermediate arms of cross I33 therebetween. In addition, one or both of the driver plate halves is recessed centrally and provided with a hardened abutment I37 for receiving and locating the end cheek of the shaft 9.

Various shapes of. replaceable driver plates may be employed to accommodate crankshafts and workpieces ofdifferent size and shape.

The driver plate, I36 with. its abutments I3'I serve to locate and index the crankshaft in the spindle chuck.

One of the halves of collet closure I4 is keyed to, the spindle at I38, and in order to, prevent any strain on the. crankshaft due to tolerances when indexing the same with the driver plate I36 at each end, the closure I4 and its driver plate parts for the headstock chuck are made capable of limited floating movement relative to those for the tailstock chuck by providing a, wider groove I39 in the closure member I4 for the key I38 in the headstock chuck referred to which keys the member I4. for rotation with the spindle. The COIIBSDOlldillggroove I39 in the tailstock chuck may be reasonably tight on key I38 so that only the headstock chuck floats to sufficiently relieve stress on shaft 9 when inserting the latter therein.

The crankshaft 9 shown in the drawing has 1 

